What does the term “Runway Incursion” refer to?

The term “Runway Incursion” specifically refers to an unauthorized entry into a runway area. This can occur when a vehicle, person, or aircraft enters the runway without proper authorization or clearance, which poses significant safety risks for both airborne and ground operations. Understanding runway incursions is critical for maintaining the safety and integrity of airfield operations, as such incidents can lead to collisions or near misses between aircraft and other traffic on the airfield.

The other choices do not accurately define a runway incursion. Accessing a maintenance area does not relate to runway operations, while pre-approved access to secure areas describes authorized movement rather than an incursion. A scheduled inspection of runway integrity pertains to assessing the runway's condition and safety but is not connected to unauthorized entries. These distinctions underscore the importance of recognizing and preventing runway incursions to ensure airfield safety.